Assertion and Reason problems
- 1. Assertion (A)
Alcohol rather than mercury is used in a thermometer to measure a temperature of - 60 C.
Reason (R)
Alcohol has a lower freezing point than mercury.
Options- A. if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- B. if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
- C. if A is true but R is false
- D. if A is true but R is true Discuss
Correct Answer: if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
We know that, mercury freezes at -39 C, while alcohol freezes at a point far below - 100 C. So, alcohol is used to measure lower temperatures. Similarly, mercury boils at 357 C, while alcohol boils at 78 C. So, mercury is used to measure high temperature.
- 2. Assertion (A)
Tides indicate the regular and periodic rise and fall in sea level.
Reason (R)
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and sea level.
Options- A. if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- B. if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
- C. if A is true but R is false
- D. if A is true but R is true Discuss
Correct Answer: if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
Both the assertion and reason are true but reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- 3. Assertion (A)
Graphite is slippery and used as a lubricant.
Reason (R)
Graphite has free electrons.
Options- A. if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- B. if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
- C. if A is true but R is false
- D. if A is true but R is true Discuss
Correct Answer: if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
In graphite, each carbon atoms is linked to three other carbon atoms, while one electron in the carbon atom is delocalised. So, graphite has free electrons and it is also used as a lubricant but reason does not explains assertion.
- 4. Assertion (A)
When common salt is kept open, it absorbs moisture from the air.
Reason (R)
Common salt contains magnesium chloride.
Options- A. if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- B. if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
- C. if A is true but R is false
- D. if A is true but R is true Discuss
Correct Answer: if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
We know that, common salt contains magnesium chloride. Therefore, it absorbs moisture from the air.
- 5. Assertion (A)
The steam engine was invented by James Watt.
Reason (R)
There was a problem of taking out water from flooded mines.
Options- A. if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- B. if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
- C. if A is true but R is false
- D. if A is true but R is true Discuss
Correct Answer: if A is true but R is false
Explanation:
Assertion is correct but reason is false.
- 6. Assertion (A)
We prefer to wear white clothes in winter.
Reason (R)
White clothes are good reflectors of heat.
Options- A. if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- B. if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
- C. if A is true but R is false
- D. if A is false but R is true Discuss
Correct Answer: if A is false but R is true
Explanation:
We prefer coloured/dark clothes in winter as they absorb heat but given reason is true for white clothes.
- 7. Assertion (A)
Earthworms are not good for agriculture.
Reason (R)
Earthworms break down the soil into fine particles and make it soft.
Options- A. if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- B. if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
- C. if A is true but R is false
- D. if A is false but R is true Discuss
Correct Answer: if A is false but R is true
Explanation:
Earthworms are good for agriculture as they make the soil fertile. Therefore, assertion is false but the reason is true.
- 8. Assertion (A)
Mercury is the farthest planet from the Sun.
Reason (R)
Mercury is the smallest planet in the entire solar system.
Options- A. if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- B. if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
- C. if A is true but R is false
- D. if A is false but R is true Discuss
Correct Answer: if A is false but R is true
Explanation:
We know that, mercury is the smallest planet but it is not the farthest planet.
- 9. Assertion (A)
Red, green colour blindness occurs with more frequency in males than in females.
Reason (R)
Females have two X-chromosomes and males have one.
Options- A. if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- B. if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
- C. if A is true but R is false
- D. if A is true but R is true Discuss
Correct Answer: if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is correct explanation for the assertion as if mutation for colour blindness occurs in one X-chromosome, female have one normal chromosome.
- 10. Assertion (A)
Indus Valley people knew the art of navigation.
Reason (R)
Indus Valley seals indicate prevalence of overseas trade.
Options- A. if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- B. if both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
- C. if A is true but R is false
- D. if A is false but R is true Discuss
Correct Answer: if A is true but R is false
Explanation:
Indus Valley people knew the art of navigation but the reason that the seals of that time indicate prevalence of overseas trade is false.
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