Identify the incorrect statement about airfield pavement usage and safety provisions related to aircraft operations:

Introduction / Context:
Airfield safety design includes features such as blast pads, stopways/overruns, and pavement detailing to withstand repeated wheel paths. This question asks you to spot the statement that does not align with standard practice/typical specifications.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Pavement “channelization” refers to rutting/wear along common wheel paths.
• Jet blast can erode loose, cohesionless surfaces at high exhaust velocities.
• Overrun/stopway provisions are finite and vary with aerodrome category and operations.

Concept / Approach:
Statements (A) and (B) are broadly consistent with field practice: wheel paths from tricycle-gear aircraft concentrate loads and cause channelization; blast pads (heavily protected surfaces) are indeed used to mitigate erosion. Statement (C), however, claims a fixed “at least 300 m” overrun on either side for all runways, which is not a universal standard. Stopway/RESA dimensions depend on declared distances, category, and local constraints, often far less than 300 m and certainly not a blanket requirement for both ends in every case.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Evaluate each statement against typical standards.Recognize that (C) overgeneralizes overrun length requirements.Conclude (C) is the incorrect statement.

Verification / Alternative check:
Regulatory materials specify flexible ranges/criteria for stopways and RESAs, not a fixed universal 300 m each end.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• (A): Repetitive wheel tracking from tricycle gear configurations can produce channelized wear—accurate in principle.
• (B): Blast pads on cohesionless soils are standard mitigation devices near thresholds.
• (D): “None of these” is incorrect because (C) is indeed wrong.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming one-size-fits-all lengths for overruns; ignoring that declared distances are tailored to the aerodrome and aircraft mix.

Final Answer:
Over-run areas of at least 300 m length are provided on either side of the runway