Difficulty: Easy
Correct Answer: Mantle
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
This general science and geography question tests your understanding of the structure of the Earth and its environmental layers. You are given scientific terms, some of which describe the outer spheres where life, land, and water exist, while one term describes an internal layer of the Earth. Recognising this distinction is important for school level geography and many competitive exams that include Earth science topics.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- The options are Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, Mantle, and Atmosphere.
- Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, and Atmosphere are commonly described as spheres that form parts of the Earth's environment at or near the surface.
- Mantle is an internal layer of the Earth located below the crust and above the core, not part of the external environmental spheres.
- Exactly one term refers to the internal structure rather than an external sphere and is therefore the odd one out.
Concept / Approach:
The idea is to distinguish between environmental spheres that describe where land, water, air, and life occur and the internal layers that describe the Earth's physical structure. Spheres like Lithosphere and Hydrosphere are conceptual regions that cover certain kinds of matter or activity. The Mantle, however, is a solid or semi molten layer inside the Earth, not a sphere of interaction on the surface. Identifying that difference helps you choose the correct odd term.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Lithosphere refers to the rigid outer shell of the Earth, including the crust and uppermost mantle, and is often discussed as the rocky sphere.Step 2: Hydrosphere covers all the water on Earth, including oceans, rivers, lakes, and groundwater, and is known as the water sphere.Step 3: Biosphere is the sphere where life exists, including all living organisms and their interactions with land, water, and air.Step 4: Atmosphere is the envelope of gases surrounding the Earth, forming the air sphere.Step 5: Mantle is the layer of hot rock between the Earth's crust and core; it is part of the internal structure and not described as a sphere like the others.Step 6: Since Mantle describes an internal layer and the other terms describe external spheres, Mantle is the odd one out.
Verification / Alternative check:
Textbooks usually group Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, and Atmosphere together when discussing the environment and the conditions necessary for life. Mantle appears in chapters that describe the internal layers of the Earth. Because Mantle is never grouped with the environmental spheres in this way, it clearly belongs to a different classification, confirming that it is the term that does not belong with the others.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, and Atmosphere are all conceptual spheres that help explain different aspects of the Earth's environment. They interact at the surface and near surface levels and are commonly used together when describing ecological and environmental systems. Since they share this role, none of them can be treated as the odd one in this list.
Common Pitfalls:
Some learners may confuse Lithosphere with Mantle because both involve solid rock. However, Lithosphere is considered an outer shell, while Mantle is a deeper internal layer. To avoid confusion, always keep in mind that the environmental spheres (bio, hydro, atmo, litho) describe where life and processes occur at or near the surface, whereas Mantle and core refer to the internal structure of the planet.
Final Answer:
Mantle
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