Atomic number of germanium – count of protons in the nucleus How many protons are present in one neutral atom of germanium (chemical symbol Ge)?

Introduction / Context:
The atomic number Z equals the number of protons in an element’s nucleus and determines its position in the periodic table and chemical identity. In semiconductor physics, recognizing Z for common materials like silicon (14) and germanium (32) helps relate to electron configuration and bonding behavior in crystals.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Germanium’s chemical symbol is Ge.
• Atomic number Z defines proton count and, in a neutral atom, equals electron count.
• Periodic table conventions apply.

Concept / Approach:

Locate germanium in group 14 (IVA) of the periodic table, period 4. Its atomic number is 32, meaning its nucleus contains 32 protons. In a neutral Ge atom, there are also 32 electrons arranged to yield 4 valence electrons, which explains Ge’s tetravalent bonding and its use as a semiconductor.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Any standard periodic table lists germanium with Z = 32, atomic mass about 72.63 u, and electron configuration [Ar] 3d^10 4s^2 4p^2 (four valence electrons consistent with group 14).

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

4 and 16 correspond to beryllium and sulfur; 28 corresponds to nickel; 34 corresponds to selenium. None match germanium.

Common Pitfalls:

Confusing atomic number with mass number; mixing up neighboring group 14 elements such as silicon (14), tin (50), and lead (82).

Final Answer:

32