Core Layer 2 switch functions that increase effective bandwidth include which items? (Address learning, Routing, Forwarding and filtering, Creating network loops, Loop avoidance, IP addressing)

Introduction / Context:
Layer 2 switches improve LAN throughput by learning where stations reside and by controlling frame propagation. Recognizing which functions are Layer 2 responsibilities clarifies how bandwidth is preserved.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Candidates: (1) Address learning, (2) Routing, (3) Forwarding and filtering, (4) Creating loops, (5) Loop avoidance (e.g., STP), (6) IP addressing.
• Focus is strictly Layer 2 operations.

Concept / Approach:
Switches learn source MACs and build a table, then forward known unicasts only out the correct port (filtering others), and use loop-avoidance mechanisms to prevent storms. Routing and IP addressing are Layer 3 and do not apply to L2 switching.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Switch command outputs (show mac address-table, show spanning-tree) evidence learning and loop prevention.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Any set that includes routing/IP addressing or loop creation mixes non-L2 or undesirable behaviors.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming IP addressing is required for switching; it is only needed for management or L3 SVIs, not for pure L2 forwarding.

Final Answer:
1, 3 and 5