The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) summit that strongly demanded expansion of the United Nations Security Council was held in which city?

Introduction / Context:
The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) brings together countries that historically did not formally align with either major power bloc during the Cold War. Over time, NAM summits have discussed many issues, including the reform and expansion of the United Nations Security Council to make it more representative. This question checks knowledge of which NAM summit underlined the demand for such expansion.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The question asks for the city that hosted the NAM summit where expansion of the UN Security Council was strongly demanded.
• Options: Tehran, Cairo, Harare and Jakarta.
• All four cities have hosted important international meetings, so simple guesswork can be confusing.

Concept / Approach:
Reform of the Security Council, particularly expanding its membership and making it more representative of the developing world, has been a repeated demand in NAM declarations. The NAM summit held in Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, is especially noted in exam-oriented material for highlighting the need to expand the Security Council. Therefore, the key approach is to connect the topic of UNSC expansion with the Jakarta summit rather than the other cities listed.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall that NAM periodically holds summits in different member states. Step 2: Remember that demand for reform and expansion of the UN Security Council was prominently associated with the summit held in Jakarta. Step 3: Review the options and locate Jakarta among them. Step 4: Recognise that although other cities like Tehran, Cairo and Harare have hosted NAM or other international meetings, exam keys specifically link this Security Council expansion demand to Jakarta. Step 5: Select Jakarta as the correct answer.

Verification / Alternative check:
If you consult summaries of NAM summit declarations, you will see recurring calls for United Nations reform, including Security Council expansion. Indonesian-hosted summits, especially the one in Jakarta, are frequently cited in exam guides in relation to this demand. Cross-checking several GK sources confirms that Jakarta is the city associated with this particular question pattern.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Tehran: Iran has hosted NAM meetings, but typical GK questions do not tie the specific call for UNSC expansion to a Tehran summit in this way.
Cairo: Egypt has an important role in NAM, but Cairo is not the city highlighted in standard exam questions for this specific demand.
Harare: Harare in Zimbabwe hosted a NAM summit, yet the famous exam question about Security Council expansion points instead to Jakarta.

Common Pitfalls:
Students often confuse different NAM summits because many final declarations repeat similar themes such as disarmament, development and UN reform. This can create uncertainty between cities like Harare, Cairo and Jakarta. To fix this, it is useful to memorise a simple association: "UN Security Council expansion – Jakarta NAM summit" for objective-question purposes.

Final Answer:
The NAM summit that demanded expansion of the United Nations Security Council was held in Jakarta.