In information-systems education, two widely cited curriculum models differ in emphasis. The model proposed by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) is more theoretical and conceptual, whereas the model proposed by the Data Processing Management Association (DPMA) is more practical and applied. Which pairing correctly captures this contrast?

Introduction / Context:
Curriculum models guide universities and training programs on course content and balance between theory and practice. Historically, ACM emphasized computer science fundamentals, while DPMA (now part of AITP/CompTIA lineage) focused on applied data processing and IS management skills for practitioners.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• ACM curricula stress algorithms, theory, and foundational CS concepts.
• DPMA curricula stress business applications, systems analysis, and operations.
• The question asks for the correct pairing that reflects these emphases.

Concept / Approach:

By design, ACM provides the conceptual scaffolding of computing disciplines, whereas DPMA provides practitioner-oriented preparation, including systems development life cycle (SDLC), operations, and governance in business contexts. Recognizing these traditions helps learners choose paths that fit career objectives.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Historical curriculum documents and accreditation guidelines reflect this commonly noted distinction in emphasis.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

AI/ES/KBS/SISD/MMD: These do not denote recognized curriculum-setting bodies in this context.

None: Incorrect because a correct pairing exists.

Common Pitfalls:

Assuming mutual exclusivity; modern programs often blend ACM theoretical rigor with DPMA-style applied coursework.

Final Answer:

ACM, DPMA