MRP terminology: what does the acronym MRP stand for in operations and manufacturing planning?

Introduction / Context:
MRP is a cornerstone method in operations management used to plan purchasing and production based on demand, bills of materials, and inventory status. The acronym is often confused with related terms, so it is important to recall the exact expansion.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We are referring to classical MRP (first introduced in manufacturing planning).
• Inputs include master production schedule, BOM, and current inventory.
• Outputs include planned order releases and rescheduling notices.

Concept / Approach:
MRP stands for material requirements planning. It computes what materials are needed, in what quantities, and when, to meet production schedules. A later, broader concept—MRP II—stands for manufacturing resource planning, which expands beyond materials to include capacity and other resources. The distinction avoids conflating option (c) with the original MRP term.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Standard OM curricula and ERP systems (for example, MRP runs) use this exact expansion.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Common Pitfalls:
Using MRP and MRP II interchangeably; they have different scopes and capabilities.

Final Answer:
material requirements planning