Grinding methods: Which grinding process is used primarily to finish internal cylindrical holes and internal tapers?

Introduction / Context:
Grinding processes are chosen based on the surface to be generated. Internal features require specialized wheel shapes, spindles, and setups to achieve accuracy and surface finish inside bores and tapers.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Feature to be finished: internal cylindrical holes and internal tapers.
• Conventional precision grinding equipment is available.

Concept / Approach:
Internal cylindrical grinding uses a small grinding wheel mounted on a high-speed spindle inserted into the bore. The work typically rotates on a chuck or between centres while the wheel feeds and traverses to generate the required geometry and finish. This differs from external cylindrical grinding, which treats the outside diameter, and surface grinding, which treats planar surfaces.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Inspection of typical machine configurations confirms that internal grinders accommodate small wheels and precise bore gauging.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Form grinding is for complex profiles; external cylindrical grinding is for outside diameters; surface grinding is for flat faces.

Common Pitfalls:
Attempting to use external grinding on internal geometries or misidentifying honing/lapping as grinding; those are distinct finishing processes.

Final Answer:
Internal cylindrical grinding