VCR formats and azimuth recording — match each video cassette recorder system with its typical head azimuth angle. List I (VCR system) A. VHS B. Video 2000 (V2000) C. Betamax List II (Azimuth angle) 1. 7° 2. 15° 3. 6°

Introduction:Helical-scan VCR systems use azimuth recording to reduce crosstalk between adjacent tracks. Small differences in head azimuth angle cause off-azimuth signal attenuation for adjacent tracks, improving SNR without guard bands. This question links each consumer VCR format to its characteristic azimuth angle.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• VHS, Betamax, and Video 2000 are classic analog formats.
• Typical azimuth angles are approximate but well-known: VHS ≈ 6°, Betamax ≈ 7°, Video 2000 ≈ 15°.
• We assume standard-speed recording heads.

Concept / Approach:

Azimuth recording relies on deliberate head-gap tilt so that the playback head sees large azimuth loss for adjacent tracks. Formats selected an azimuth pair that balanced crosstalk suppression, head wear, and manufacturability. Video 2000 used a larger azimuth (≈15°) than VHS or Betamax, which were around 6–7°.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Manufacturer service manuals and format standards list these nominal azimuth values; tolerances exist but the relative ordering (V2000 highest) is consistent.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Options assigning VHS to 7° or 15° contradict common specifications.
• Any mapping giving Video 2000 the smallest angle reverses the established hierarchy.

Common Pitfalls:

Confusing azimuth angle with head wrap angle or track pitch; these are different mechanical parameters.

Final Answer:

A-3, B-2, C-1