Getting parallel data from a shift register How can parallel data be taken simultaneously from a shift register built from flip-flops?

Introduction / Context:
A shift register stores one bit per stage. To expose the entire word in parallel, each stage's Q output is treated as one bit of the bus. This is the basis of SIPO devices and parallel reads from serial streams.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Register consists of cascaded flip-flops.
• Each flip-flop Q holds one bit.
• We need a simultaneous parallel representation of the stored word.

Concept / Approach:

Parallel readout is accomplished by wiring each flip-flop's Q to a dedicated output pin or bus line. Optionally, an output latch can isolate the internal shifting from the bus, but the fundamental method is one Q per bit line.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Examine typical SIPO IC pinouts (e.g., 74HC164, 74HC595). Pin names Q0..Q7 expose each flip-flop's output for parallel access.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• First/last Q only: yields one bit, not a word.
• Tying all Qs together: creates bus contention/shorts and corrupts data.

Common Pitfalls:

• Forgetting to buffer or latch outputs when long loads or timing integrity is required.

Final Answer:

Use the Q output of each flip-flop.