Industrial geography (raw materials): Which country’s iron and steel industry is almost entirely dependent on imported raw materials? Consider availability of domestic iron ore and coking coal versus reliance on seaborne imports. Choose the correct country.

Given data

• Identify the iron & steel industry that relies most on imported raw materials (iron ore and coking coal).

Concept/Approach
Japan has very limited domestic reserves of iron ore and coking coal. Its steel industry grew on an import-based model, leveraging deep-water ports and efficient supply chains for raw materials from Australia, Brazil, etc. European countries listed have at least some domestic/regional sourcing.

Reasoning
• Japan → minimal native iron ore/coal → heavy reliance on imports → Correct.• Britain/Poland/Germany → historically had some domestic or nearby sources and diversified supply.

Common pitfalls
Confusing export dependence of finished steel with import dependence of raw materials.

Final Answer
Japan