Economic nationalism: Who propounded the ‘‘Drain of Wealth’’ (economic drain) theory under British rule? Identify the early nationalist who systematically argued that colonial policies siphoned Indian wealth abroad. Choose the correct option.

Concept

• Dadabhai Naoroji articulated the drain theory in speeches and writings (e.g., 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in India'), quantifying and critiquing the outflow of Indian resources to Britain.
• R. C. Dutt later expanded related arguments, but Naoroji is credited with originating the theory.

Final AnswerDadabhai Naoroji