In a certain code of re naming fruits, the following statements are made: Banana is called apple, apple is called grapes, grapes is called mango, mango is called nuts and nuts is called guava. Under this new naming scheme, which of the following names represents the yellow fruit that we normally call banana?

Introduction / Context:
This is a typical logical puzzle about renaming or recoding familiar objects. The question describes a chain of new names for fruits. Your task is not to think about their real world colours and tastes directly, but to track how the name of a particular fruit changes under the given rules. Here, the focus is on the fruit that is normally yellow, namely banana, and what its new name becomes after the complete chain of renaming.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Banana is called apple.
• Apple is called grapes.
• Grapes is called mango.
• Mango is called nuts.
• Nuts is called guava.
• In everyday usage, the yellow fruit in question is banana.
• Each statement tells us how an original fruit is renamed in this special code.

Concept / Approach:
In such puzzles, each sentence of the form A is called B means that what we ordinarily know as A will now be referred to by the new name B. The chain given in the question describes several such renamings. Our goal is to start from the original object banana and follow the chain step by step until we find its final new name. The trick is to follow the renaming sequence for banana all the way through, rather than jumping to the first or second step only.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Start with the real fruit banana, which is yellow in the usual sense.Step 2: According to the first rule, banana is called apple. This means that in the new code, when someone says apple, they are referring to the fruit banana.Step 3: Next rule says apple is called grapes. That means the name grapes is now used where one would normally use apple under the previous renaming step.Step 4: Continue the chain: grapes is called mango. So mango becomes the next label in the sequence.Step 5: Then mango is called nuts, so the label moves again.Step 6: Finally, nuts is called guava. The chain of renaming for the original banana passes through all these names and ends at guava.Step 7: Therefore, in this coded language, the fruit that is actually banana, and hence yellow, will ultimately be referred to as guava.

Verification / Alternative check:
You can think of this as a sequence: banana → apple → grapes → mango → nuts → guava.Starting at banana and following the arrow through all the given sentences leads to guava.Any intermediate name like apple, grapes or mango is just one step along the way and not the final name after applying all renaming rules.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option a, Grapes, is only a middle step in the chain and not the final assigned name.Option b, Mango, again appears in the chain but is not the last renaming rule.Option c, Nuts, is the second to last name and still changes to guava according to the final rule.Option e, Apple, corresponds only to the first renaming step and is replaced by later renamings.

Common Pitfalls:
Stopping too early in the chain and choosing apple or grapes instead of continuing to the final mapping.Misinterpreting the sentence structure so that the mapping direction is reversed, which leads to incorrect associations.Thinking of the real world colour or taste of fruits and matching those directly, which is not what the puzzle is asking you to do.

Final Answer:
Under the new naming scheme, the yellow fruit banana is finally called Guava.