Rearrange the parts of the sentence to form a coherent statement: "Ever since P: outbreaks have been an annual occurrence Q: Indian shores during the 2009 pandemic, R: the influenza virus, H1N1 landed on".

Introduction / Context:
This question tests your ability to reorder sentence fragments into a grammatically correct and logically coherent sentence. The sentence talks about the arrival of the influenza virus H1N1 on Indian shores in 2009 and the fact that outbreaks have since become an annual occurrence. You must choose the sequence of the fragments P, Q, and R that best completes the opening Ever since.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Starter: Ever since...
• P: outbreaks have been an annual occurrence
• Q: Indian shores during the 2009 pandemic,
• R: the influenza virus, H1N1 landed on
• We want a timeline: first the virus lands on Indian shores in 2009, then outbreaks become annual.

Concept / Approach:
The phrase Ever since must be followed by a clause describing a past event, and then by a result clause describing what has been happening from that time until now. The past event is the influenza virus H1N1 landing on Indian shores during the 2009 pandemic. The result is that outbreaks have been an annual occurrence. So the logical order is R (the influenza virus, H1N1 landed on) + Q (Indian shores during the 2009 pandemic,) + P (outbreaks have been an annual occurrence).

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Start with the phrase Ever since and identify the event that happened at that time.Step 2: Recognise that R begins with the subject the influenza virus, H1N1 and the verb landed, which fits as the first event.Step 3: Attach Q to R to specify where and when: the influenza virus, H1N1 landed on Indian shores during the 2009 pandemic.Step 4: Finally, add P to describe the result from that time onward: outbreaks have been an annual occurrence.Step 5: Combine into the full sentence: Ever since the influenza virus, H1N1 landed on Indian shores during the 2009 pandemic, outbreaks have been an annual occurrence.

Verification / Alternative check:
Test the option RQP, which corresponds to R followed by Q, followed by P. This yields a natural and grammatical sentence that clearly expresses cause (virus arrival) and effect (annual outbreaks). Now test the other options. PQR would start with outbreaks have been an annual occurrence, which does not follow Ever since correctly. RPQ would put outbreaks before the time phrase, breaking the structure. QRP would begin with Indian shores during the 2009 pandemic, which cannot directly follow Ever since as a complete clause. Therefore, only RQP works.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
PQR begins with the result clause, not the initiating event, contradicting the usual pattern of Ever since. RPQ ends with the time phrase, making the sentence feel incomplete and awkwardly ordered. QRP lacks a clear subject and verb immediately after Ever since, creating a fragment instead of a proper clause.

Common Pitfalls:
Some candidates may be tempted by RPQ because it begins correctly with the virus landing on Indian shores, but placing outbreaks have been an annual occurrence between landed on and during the 2009 pandemic breaks the natural flow. Remember that prepositional phrases like during the 2009 pandemic usually attach directly to the verb they qualify, not after a sudden change to a result clause.

Final Answer:
The correct order of fragments is RQP, giving: Ever since the influenza virus, H1N1 landed on Indian shores during the 2009 pandemic, outbreaks have been an annual occurrence, so option D is correct.