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In satellite communication, what is the primary function of a transponder?

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: Performs all of the above-mentioned functions

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
A transponder is the key electronic subsystem onboard a communication satellite. It acts as a repeater in space, enabling signals from Earth stations to be amplified, frequency shifted, and retransmitted to wide areas on Earth.


Given Data / Assumptions:

  • Signal received from Earth = uplink frequency.
  • Transponder = receiver + frequency converter + amplifier + transmitter.
  • Output = downlink frequency to avoid interference.


Concept / Approach:
The transponder ensures that signals transmitted by an Earth station are not only repeated but also shifted in frequency to prevent interference between uplink and downlink signals.


Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Receive uplink signal at high frequency (e.g., 6 GHz).Step 2: Convert frequency down (e.g., 4 GHz downlink).Step 3: Amplify the signal to compensate for path losses.Step 4: Retransmit the signal towards designated Earth coverage area.


Verification / Alternative check:

All textbooks define transponder as "receiver, frequency converter, and transmitter" combined.


Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Each option covers a part of the function, but only "all of the above" captures the full role.


Common Pitfalls:

Thinking transponders only amplify; frequency conversion is equally critical.


Final Answer:

Performs all of the above-mentioned functions
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