Satellite history: What was the name of the first geostationary communications satellite launched in 1965?

Introduction / Context:
Recognizing milestone spacecraft helps contextualize the evolution of satellite communications. The first successful commercial geostationary satellite enabled intercontinental telephony and television relays.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Year: 1965.
• We are asked for the satellite name of the first geostationary communications satellite.
• Commercial/global service context (INTELSAT program).

Concept / Approach:

Early Bird, designated Intelsat I, was launched in 1965 and provided the first commercial GEO communications service across the Atlantic, ushering in the modern era of satellite telephony/TV. Other listed satellites entered service later or were for different regions or orbits.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Historical records list Early Bird (Intelsat I) as the first commercial GEO satellite, establishing two-way transatlantic services.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• ANIK/WESTAR: later national systems (Canada/US).
• MOLNIYA: Soviet HEO system, not geostationary.
• SYNCOM-1: an earlier GEO technology demonstrator (1963) but the first operational commercial GEO satellite was Early Bird in 1965; the option list centers on commercial naming.

Common Pitfalls:

• Confusing technology demos with commercial firsts.

Final Answer:

EARLY BIRD (Intelsat-I)