Either–or logic consistency: Premise: "Either there is no food or there are no customers." (At least one of the two negatives holds.) Select the pair that can both be true together and remains consistent with the premise.

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: (iii) There is food. (ii) There are no customers.

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
The statement "Either there is no food or there are no customers" means at least one of the conditions holds: no-food (¬F) or no-customers (¬C). It excludes the case where both food and customers are present simultaneously.



Given Data / Assumptions:

  • (i) No food (¬F)
  • (ii) No customers (¬C)
  • (iii) Food (F)
  • (iv) Customers (C)


Concept / Approach:
For the disjunction ¬F ∨ ¬C, allowed worlds are: (¬F, C), (F, ¬C), (¬F, ¬C). Disallowed world is (F, C). We need a pair that can co-exist without violating the premise.



Step-by-Step Solution:

Check (a): (¬F, C) — consistent.Check (b): (¬F, ¬C) — also consistent.Check (c): (F, ¬C) — consistent.Check (d): (¬C, F) — same as (c) reordered — consistent.


Verification / Alternative check:
All pairs except those implying (F, C) satisfy the premise; options (c) and (d) clearly represent an allowed state. To avoid duplicate-answer ambiguity, select one canonical consistent pair: (iii) and (ii).



Why Other Options Are (Also) Not Preferred:

  • (a) and (b) are also consistent; however, typical single-answer format expects one valid pair. We key (c) as the canonical consistent pair.
  • (e) is wrong because consistent pairs exist.


Common Pitfalls:
Assuming exclusive-or instead of inclusive-or; the premise allows both to be absent.



Final Answer:
(iii) There is food. (ii) There are no customers.

More Questions from Logical Deduction

Discussion & Comments

No comments yet. Be the first to comment!
Join Discussion