Ebrahim Alkazi is an eminent Indian personality primarily known for his contribution to which field of art and culture?

Introduction / Context:
This question checks your knowledge of important Indian cultural personalities. Many exams ask about well known figures in literature, theatre, music, cinema, science and politics. Ebrahim Alkazi is a highly respected name in modern Indian culture, and recognising his main field helps candidates connect people with their contributions.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The question gives the name Ebrahim Alkazi.
• Four main options are provided: heart surgery, civil aviation, theatre and painting, along with one extra option in arts.
• No dates or extra hints are given, so the candidate must recall general knowledge about Indian cultural institutions.

Concept / Approach:
The approach is based on static general knowledge about Indian arts. Ebrahim Alkazi is famous as a theatre director, teacher and institution builder. He played a central role in the National School of Drama in New Delhi and trained many leading actors and directors. This direct association is enough to answer the question.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall that Ebrahim Alkazi was associated with the National School of Drama. Step 2: The National School of Drama is a premier institution for theatre training in India. Step 3: Alkazi directed many landmark stage productions and introduced modern stagecraft to Indian theatre. Step 4: There is no well known link between Alkazi and heart surgery, civil aviation, or painting as his primary field. Step 5: Therefore, his main area of eminence is theatre.

Verification / Alternative check:
Another way to verify is to recall that many famous Indian actors and theatre personalities refer to him as a legendary theatre director. When reading about the history of modern Indian theatre, his name appears repeatedly. Standard general knowledge books and cultural sections in competitive exam guides list him under theatre, not under medicine, aviation, or fine arts painting. This cross check reinforces the answer.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option A (Heart surgery) is wrong because Alkazi was not a cardiac surgeon; that field is associated with medical doctors, not theatre directors.
Option B (Civil aviation) is wrong because there is no link between him and airlines, airports or aviation policy.
Option D (Painting) is incorrect because, although theatre may involve set design and visual art, Alkazi is recognised first and foremost as a theatre director and teacher, not as a famous painter.
Option E (Classical music) is also incorrect because he is not known as a vocalist or instrumentalist, but as a theatre educator and director.

Common Pitfalls:
A frequent mistake is to confuse different cultural personalities with similar sounding names or to guess randomly when unsure. Candidates may also see the word art and assume painting. A better approach is to build a small mental map linking major personalities with one core field: for example, Satyajit Ray with cinema, Rukmini Devi with dance, and Ebrahim Alkazi with theatre.

Final Answer:
Ebrahim Alkazi is an eminent personality in the field of Theatre.