Specialization is which of the following processes?

• Defining one or more subtypes of the supertype and forming supertype/subtype relationships.
• Defining one or more supertypes of the subtype and forming supertype/subtype relationships.
• Defining one or more subtypes of the supertype and not forming supertype/subtype relationships.
• Defining one or more supertypes of the subtype and not forming supertype/subtype relationships.