In digital logic terminology, why are NOT, OR, and AND gates called decision-making elements, and when does a gate recognize an input word?

Introduction / Context:
Logic gates evaluate specific input patterns and assert an output that signifies recognition. In simple digital parlance, an 'input word' means a multi-bit input pattern presented simultaneously. This question tests vocabulary around recognition and the output condition that signals a successful match.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Gates perform deterministic boolean functions.
• Recognition is indicated by a designated output level.
• Terminology: 'word' refers to a bit pattern, not necessarily a CPU word width.

Concept / Approach:

Decision-making elements produce an asserted output for specific input combinations defined by their truth tables. Conventionally, assertion corresponds to a logic high (1) output. For example, an AND gate outputs high only when all inputs are 1, which can be interpreted as recognizing the 'all ones' word. Similarly, an OR recognizes any word with at least one input high, and a NOT recognizes the single-bit condition 0 by outputting 1.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Truth tables and Karnaugh maps show outputs asserted (1) for recognized minterms or sums of minterms, consistent with the recognition idea.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

'Bytes' is unnecessarily specific and not required for logic gate definitions. Options stating 'low' invert the standard positive-logic convention. Hence 'words, high' is correct.

Common Pitfalls:

Confusing negative logic conventions where active low signaling is used; the question assumes the common positive logic convention.

Final Answer:

words, high