Classification of column by slenderness A column is considered of “medium size” if its slenderness ratio λ falls within which range?

Introduction / Context:
Slenderness ratio λ = L_e / r guides the choice of design formulae (short-block crushing, inelastic buckling, long-column Euler behavior). Many codes provide indicative ranges for classification.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Planar column; effective length L_e and radius of gyration r well-defined.
• Conventional classification used in many design texts.

Concept / Approach:
Typical ranges used in classical strength of materials: short columns (λ ≲ 32), medium/intermediate columns (approximately 32 to 120), and long columns (λ > 120), with exact thresholds varying slightly by code and material.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Many textbooks adopt the same boundaries; design standards may fine-tune by material and end conditions, but the given interval is a widely accepted benchmark.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• 20–32 targets short columns.
• 120–160, 160–180, 180–200 represent long-column ranges.

Common Pitfalls:
Applying Euler’s long-column formula in the intermediate range without inelastic correction can be unconservative.

Final Answer:
32 to 120