Statement: A sudden cloudburst over the island city caused unpredicted heavy rain and flood-like conditions; many people were stranded on roads. Courses of Action: I. Immediately craft a plan to avoid such a situation in the future. II. Deploy personnel now to help stranded people reach safe places. III. Advise citizens not to venture out until the situation improves.

Introduction / Context:During an active urban-flood emergency, immediate life-safety actions take precedence. Long-term planning is vital, but the urgent course of action focuses on rescue and public advisories.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• People are currently stranded on roads.
• Heavy rainfall and flooding are ongoing.

Concept / Approach:Deploy rescue teams, boats, and high-clearance vehicles (II). Issue stay-indoors/travel advisories (III) to reduce new exposures. Planning (I) is necessary but not the “immediate” response implied; it should follow after stabilization and review.

Step-by-Step Solution:1) Activate emergency operations; route resources to hotspots (II).2) Broadcast warnings via multiple channels; close inundated roads (III).3) Post-event, audit drainage, early warning, and SOPs (I—but later).

Verification / Alternative check:Incident-command practice prioritizes life safety and incident stabilization.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:Only I ignores the immediate crisis; “All” gives equal immediacy to planning, which is mis-sequenced.

Common Pitfalls:Sending commuters onto flooded roads; delayed rescue deployment.

Final Answer:Only II and III follow.