On what soil characteristics does infiltration capacity primarily depend?

Introduction:
Infiltration capacity is the maximum rate at which soil can accept water under given conditions. It is a function of soil structure and texture, which control pore connectivity and capillary forces.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Options list void ratio/porosity, particle geometry, arrangement, and compaction.

Concept / Approach:
Large, well-connected pores (macropores) raise capacity; fine, poorly connected pores reduce it. Particle size/shape and fabric influence pore geometry. Compaction reduces voids and connectivity, lowering infiltration capacity. Therefore, all listed properties matter.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Relate each property to pore size distribution and connectivity.Infer impact on gravitational and capillary flow paths.Conclude that all properties jointly control capacity.

Verification / Alternative check:
Soil physics shows infiltration increases from clays → loams → sands (texture/structure effects) and declines with compaction and crusting.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Any single factor explanation is incomplete; multiple soil attributes interact.

Common Pitfalls:

• Ignoring soil structure (aggregation, biopores) and focusing only on texture.

Final Answer:
All the above.