Building Materials Questions

• Bituminous maintenance materials: For filling cracks in masonry structures (e.g., walls or terraces), which type of bitumen is generally selected to provide workable, deformable sealing?
• Engineering geology basics: Sandstone (often used as building stone and aggregate) belongs to which fundamental rock class based on its origin of formation?
• Cement chemistry—early hydration reactivity: Among the principal clinker phases in Portland cement, which compound reacts the fastest with water immediately after gauging, strongly affecting initial set and heat evolution?
• Architectural coatings—lacquer paint fundamentals: Which statements correctly describe lacquer paints with respect to composition, typical use, durability versus enamels, and solvent system?
• Paint technology—pigments: Which of the following are commonly used color pigments/fillers in architectural and protective paints?
• Ceramic raw materials for porcelain: For preparing porcelain bodies (e.g., electrical porcelain, tableware), the selected clay should meet which key requirements of quality and workability?
• Geology—mode of formation: Rocks that are formed by the gradual deposition, compaction, and cementation of sediments are known by which fundamental class name?
• Galvanising means covering iron with a thin coat of
• Gniess is obtained from
• Good quality stones must
• Concrete technology — minimum water–cement ratio for workability What is the typical minimum water–cement (w/c) ratio required to obtain a workable concrete mix (assuming normal aggregates and no special admixtures)?
• Cement chemistry — compound responsible for long-term strength Which compound in Ordinary Portland Cement contributes most to strength gain after about two to three years of curing?
• Timber technology — definition of seasoning In building materials, “seasoning” of timber refers to which process?
• Refractory materials — typical use of refractory bricks in construction Refractory bricks are primarily used for which application?
• Protective coatings — most fire-resistant type of paint (traditional classification) Among common historical categories of paints, which is considered the most fire-resistant?
• Brick manufacturing — function of a pug mill In clay brick manufacture, a pug mill is primarily used for which operation?
• Brick quality — permissible water absorption for first-class bricks A first-class brick, after immersion in water for 24 hours, should not absorb more than what percentage (by weight) of water?
• In timber engineering and wood products: For manufacturing structural plywood panels, how are the wood veneers laid with respect to the grain of adjacent plies to obtain high dimensional stability and strength?
• Indian building stones: Black marble (commonly used as a decorative and facing stone) is generally found in which of the following districts?
• Brick terminology in masonry: The portion of a brick obtained by removing a triangular corner equal to half the width and half the length is called what?