Pumps for viscous masses: Which pump is most suitable for transporting a viscous, homogeneous molten soap mass in process plants?
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ADiaphragm pump
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BReciprocating plunger pump
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CGear pump (positive displacement, rotary)
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DCentrifugal pump
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EAxial-flow propeller pump
Answer
Correct Answer: Gear pump (positive displacement, rotary)
Explanation
Introduction / Context:Molten soap is a viscous liquid that benefits from smooth, continuous pumping with minimal pulsation and good volumetric efficiency. Selecting the proper pump type improves product quality and energy efficiency while reducing shear-related issues.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Fluid: viscous molten soap, relatively homogeneous and lubricating.
- Need: steady flow, good suction characteristics, self-priming if possible.
- Solids content minimal; moderate temperatures.
Concept / Approach:Gear pumps (external or internal gear) are classic positive displacement rotary pumps for viscous liquids such as syrups, oils, and molten soaps. They provide near-constant flow proportional to speed, handle high viscosities, and maintain good efficiency where centrifugal pumps lose head.
Step-by-Step Solution:Match fluid to pump class: viscous → positive displacement rotary.Shortlist options: gear, lobe, screw; among given choices, gear pump fits best.Select gear pump for molten soap transfer.
Verification / Alternative check:Pump selection guides consistently recommend gear or screw pumps for viscous, clean liquids due to favorable performance curves at high viscosity.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
- Diaphragm/reciprocating: better for slurries or metering; can be pulsatile and less ideal for hot viscous melts.
- Centrifugal/axial: efficiency drops with viscosity; poor choice for thick, slow-moving liquids.
Common Pitfalls:Choosing centrifugal pumps for high-viscosity service and then encountering inadequate head/flow and overheating.
Final Answer:Gear pump (positive displacement, rotary)