In computer-aided software engineering (CASE), which artifacts may be generated or supported as outputs of the toolchain during analysis, design, and early construction?

Introduction / Context:
CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering) tools automate and standardize parts of the SDLC. Depending on scope (upper-CASE, lower-CASE, or integrated), these tools may produce diagrams, generate code skeletons, manage repositories, and help with estimation and cost/benefit assessments. Understanding their potential outputs clarifies how they accelerate delivery and improve quality.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We consider a broad CASE environment spanning requirements through design and into construction.
• Outputs can be executable artifacts (e.g., code stubs) or documentation/analysis artifacts.
• Some tools include simulation or prototyping capabilities.

Concept / Approach:
Upper-CASE tools emphasize modeling (DFDs, ERDs, UML), repository traceability, and documentation. Lower-CASE tools focus on code generation, build scripts, and testing scaffolds. Many suites support prototyping and conduct economic analysis via templates and linked repositories. Therefore, diagrams, code artifacts, prototypes, and even cost/benefit documentation can legitimately be outputs of CASE workflows.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Check whether code generation is a documented capability: yes, many tools generate stubs and frameworks.Confirm diagram outputs: central to analysis/design tools.Confirm prototypes and economics: supported by integrated suites via rapid modeling and report templates.Thus, “All of the above” accurately captures potential outputs.

Verification / Alternative check:
Common platforms integrate model-driven development, reverse engineering, documentation generators, and what-if economic calculators—evidence that all listed items can be produced.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Each single option is true but incomplete; only the combined option reflects the range of outputs. “None of the above” is false because the others are valid.

Common Pitfalls:
Expecting full production-quality code from generators without customization; relying on diagrams without validation; and treating cost spreadsheets as guarantees rather than estimates.

Final Answer:
All of the above