The BRICS New Development Bank (NDB) has been set up by the BRICS countries as a new multilateral financial institution. What is the primary purpose for which this bank has been established?

Introduction / Context:
The New Development Bank, commonly called the BRICS Bank, was created by the five BRICS nations Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. It is intended as a complementary institution to existing bodies like the World Bank and Asian Development Bank. Many general knowledge and economics questions ask about its core mandate, especially whether it focuses on infrastructure, sustainable development, or only BRICS member countries.

Given Data / Assumptions:
- The institution is called the BRICS New Development Bank (NDB).- It was established by BRICS countries.- The options highlight infrastructure versus non infrastructure projects, and emerging economies versus developed countries.- We need to identify the best description of the banks main purpose.

Concept / Approach:
The Articles of Agreement of the New Development Bank state that its purpose is to mobilise resources for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in BRICS and other emerging and developing countries. Thus, the scope is not limited to BRICS alone and is focused on infrastructure and sustainable development, rather than general non infrastructure projects or rich developed countries.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall the official mandate: financing infrastructure and sustainable development projects.Step 2: Note that NDB was specifically created to provide an additional source of long term funding for emerging and developing economies, which often face infrastructure gaps.Step 3: Look at the options. Option A matches both key ideas: infrastructure projects and emerging economies, with a focus on sustainable development.Step 4: Option B mentions non infrastructure projects, which does not align with the central focus on infrastructure.Step 5: Option C shifts the focus to developed countries, which is contrary to the design of the NDB.Step 6: Option D incorrectly limits the scope only to BRICS countries, but the bank can also fund projects in other emerging and developing economies.

Verification / Alternative Check:
If you check standard sources on the New Development Bank, they consistently describe its purpose as mobilising resources for infrastructure and sustainable development in BRICS and other emerging economies. This confirms that option A is the most accurate summarisation of the mission statement of the bank.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Funding non-infrastructure projects in emerging economies for sustainable development: This option removes the infrastructure focus that is central to the banks identity.Funding infrastructural projects in developed countries: Developed countries already have access to large pools of capital, and NDB is not primarily aimed at them.Funding infrastructural projects in BRICS countries only: The word only is incorrect because the NDB charter allows lending to other emerging and developing economies as well.

Common Pitfalls:
Some candidates assume that because BRICS created the bank, it can lend only to BRICS members. Others mix up the NDB with other institutions like the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. To avoid such confusion, it is important to remember the two key ideas: infrastructure plus sustainable development, and emerging or developing economies including but not limited to BRICS.

Final Answer:
Funding infrastructure projects in emerging economies for sustainable development is the primary purpose of the BRICS New Development Bank.