Difficulty: Easy
Correct Answer: Neurotoxin
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
Botulism presents with neurologic signs such as diplopia, dysphagia, flaccid paralysis, and in severe cases respiratory failure. The mechanism is a neuroparalytic toxin blocking neuromuscular transmission.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
The botulinum neurotoxin cleaves SNARE proteins in cholinergic nerve terminals, preventing acetylcholine release and causing flaccid paralysis. It is not an enterotoxin or a fungal mycotoxin.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify hallmark: neuroparalysis.Match to toxin class: neurotoxin.Select ‘‘Neurotoxin.’’
Verification / Alternative check:
Clinical antitoxin therapy targets circulating neurotoxin, confirming the mechanism.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Common Pitfalls:
Assuming gastrointestinal symptoms are predominant; neurological findings are diagnostic.
Final Answer:
Neurotoxin
Discussion & Comments