Recombinant DNA Technology Questions

• Gene function — Which listed gene encodes a protein central to white blood cell (neutrophil) microbicidal activity?
• Tumor suppressors — The TP53 gene on chromosome 17 encodes a protein with which primary cellular role?
• Molecular markers — What best defines a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in genomic DNA?
• Molecular cloning — What core features define an expression vector used to express a cloned gene in a host cell (consider replication, selection, and transcriptional control)?
• Genetic mapping basics — Which statement is correct with respect to locating genetic traits using molecular tools such as restriction enzymes and markers?
• Plant genetic transformation — Which method can directly deliver DNA into plant cells to obtain stable transformants?
• Restriction cloning — To insert a foreign gene into a plasmid vector so that the ends are compatible, what must be true for both DNA molecules?
• Gel electrophoresis of DNA — Because DNA is negatively charged, it migrates through an agarose/polyacrylamide gel from which electrode toward which electrode?
• Cancer genetics — Which blotting technique is most directly used to detect DNA-level changes that can identify a defective gene implicated in cancer predisposition or development?
• Restriction enzymes — What do isoschizomers recognize when comparing different restriction endonucleases?
• Gene therapy feasibility — Which of the following genetic diseases is most amenable to correction by gene engineering because it is caused by a single defective gene?
• History of restriction enzymes — Which was the first Type II restriction endonuclease to be discovered and characterized?
• Allele-specific detection — Some genetic diseases cannot be diagnosed by changes in restriction sites. What are allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) probes used for in such cases?
• Prenatal Diagnosis—Applications of Amniocentesis Which of the following genetic or chromosomal conditions can be diagnosed prenatally using amniocentesis, where fetal cells and amniotic fluid are analyzed by karyotyping and/or molecular tests?
• Biosafety—Horizontal Gene Transfer Risk The transfer of antibiotic-resistance genes from genetically engineered bacteria to pathogenic bacteria in natural settings __________.
• Restriction Enzymes—Naming Convention Restriction endonucleases are named according to which primary criterion?
• Sticky-End Compatibility—Choosing Enzyme Pairs Which of the following pairs of restriction endonucleases will generate compatible (complementary) cohesive ends that can be ligated together in cloning?
• Gene Function—Proteins Implicated in Growth Which of these human genes encodes a protein that directly plays a role in growth regulation?
• Transgenic Crops—Golden Rice Phenotype Why does Golden Rice appear pale yellow in color when compared with conventional white rice?
• Restriction Enzyme Classes—ATP Requirement Which class of restriction endonucleases typically does not require ATP hydrolysis for DNA cleavage under standard reaction conditions?