Statement: You should not drink. You must take care of your health, says Ramesh to his friend Ravi. Assumptions: I. Ravi will heed Ramesh’s advice. II. Ramesh knows the ill effects of drinking. III. Drinking is not good for health. Choose the option that identifies the implicit assumption or assumptions.

Introduction / Context:Advice statements typically presume a reason and a belief about consequences. We identify which premises the advisor relies on when urging a friend to avoid drinking for health.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Ramesh links drinking behavior to health outcomes.
• The recommendation is framed as health-protective.
• Whether Ravi will comply is unknown.

Concept / Approach:An assumption is implicit if the advice would lose sense without it.

Step-by-Step Solution:I: Not implicit. Advice can be offered even if the advisor doubts compliance.II: Implicit. The speaker must believe drinking has ill effects to offer health-based advice.III: Implicit. The advice presumes that drinking harms health, hence avoiding it protects health.

Verification / Alternative check:Health-based recommendations typically rest on causal beliefs about harm.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:Including I adds an unnecessary compliance belief; single II omits the general health premise in III; “None” contradicts the clear health assumptions.

Common Pitfalls:Confusing intention to comply with the rationale for advice.

Final Answer:II and III are implicit