Language processors — definition: An assembler is best described as which of the following types of programs?

Introduction / Context:
Language processors transform source code into forms the machine can execute. Assemblers, compilers, linkers, loaders, and interpreters serve distinct roles. Correctly distinguishing them is essential for systems programming and toolchain comprehension.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Assembly language is a low-level, mnemonic representation of machine instructions.
• Machine language is the binary encoding executed by the CPU.
• Different tools exist for high-level languages and for loading/executing code.

Concept / Approach:

An assembler maps mnemonics and operands into opcodes and machine addresses, producing object code (and often symbol tables and relocation info). Compilers target high-level languages; interpreters simulate execution; loaders place programs into memory for execution. Therefore, the statement that an assembler automates translation from assembly to machine code is correct.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Toolchains show “as” (assembler) producing object files from .s/.asm sources, distinct from compilers (cc) and linkers (ld).

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Places programs into memory: This is a loader.
• Accepts high-level language: This is a compiler.
• Appears to execute source directly: This is an interpreter.
• None of the above: Incorrect because the assembler definition is present.

Common Pitfalls:

Confusing assembling with compiling; overlooking that linkers combine multiple object files after assembling/compiling.

Final Answer:

a program that automate the translation of assembly language into machine language.