Alligation or Mixture Questions

• Diluting a 15-L mixture by adding water: A 15-liter mixture contains 20% alcohol (and 80% water). If 3 liters of water are added, what is the new percentage of alcohol?
• Profit by adulteration (water to milk): A milk seller pays ₹ 500 per kiloliter (i.e., ₹ 0.50 per liter) for pure milk. He adds water and sells the mixture at ₹ 0.56 per liter, making an overall profit of 40%. What is the ratio of water to milk supplied to customers?
• Mixing bananas of two price types to hit a target price: How many bananas at 5 for ₹ 1.20 (₹ 0.24 each) should be mixed with 300 bananas at 6 for ₹ 2.10 (₹ 0.35 each) so that the mixture is worth ₹ 3.60 per dozen (₹ 0.30 each)?
• Converting fresh fruit to dry fruit by preserving solids: Fresh fruit contains 72% water (28% solids). Dry fruit contains 20% water (80% solids). From 100 kg of fresh fruit, how many kilograms of dry fruit can be obtained (solids conserved)?
• Successive dilution fraction removed after five replacements: From a vessel of alcohol, one-fifth of the contents is removed and replaced with water. This operation is repeated five times. What fraction of the original alcohol has been removed?
• Mixing sugar syrups to target 10% concentration: Solution A is 15% sugar; solution B is 5% sugar. How many liters of solution B must be added to 20 L of solution A to obtain a 10% sugar mixture?
• Combining two wine–water mixtures and adding extra water: Cask 1 has 48 L with wine:water = 13 : 7. Cask 2 has 42 L with wine:water = 18 : 17. After mixing their contents and adding 20 L of water, what is the final wine:water ratio?
• Adjusting milk:water ratio by adding water: A 729-ml mixture has milk:water = 7 : 2. How much additional water must be added to make the ratio 7 : 3?
• Two-price currants blended to a target price: Currants at ₹ 50/kg are mixed with currants at ₹ 90/kg to make 17 kg of mixture worth ₹ 70/kg. How many kilograms of each type are used?
• Alligation–Mixture (Milk–Water): A mixture has milk:water = 5:4. After adding 2 litres of water, the ratio becomes 10:9. Find the new amount of water (in litres) in the mixture.
• Alligation–Mixture (Weighing a Vessel): A vessel full of water weighs 24 kg. When the vessel is 1/4 full, it weighs 9 kg. Find the weight of the empty vessel (kg).
• Alligation–Mixture (Combining Three Bottles): Three equal-capacity bottles contain milk:water in ratios 2:5, 3:4, and 4:5. After pouring all into a larger bottle, what is the overall ratio of milk to water?
• Alligation–Mixture (Percentage to Total): A mixture contains 19% milk. If milk quantity is 437 mL, what is the total quantity of the mixture (mL)?
• Alligation–Mixture (Adjusting Ratio by Adding Water): A 25-L mixture has milk:water = 4:1. After adding 3 L water, what is the new milk:water ratio?
• Alligation–Mixture (Two Acid–Water Solutions): Two bottles have acid:water ratios 2:3 and 1:2, respectively. Mixed in the ratio 1:3 (by volume), what is the final acid:water ratio?
• Alloy Alligation (Brass – Copper:Zinc): Two brass types have Cu:Zn = 8:3 and 15:7. If they are melted and mixed in the ratio 5:2 (by mass), what is Cu:Zn in the alloy?
• Alligation–Mixture (Juice Blend Adjustment): A jar has fruit juice:water = 5:x. Taking 4 L of this blend and adding 1 L water makes the ratio 1:1. Find x.
• Alligation (Milk Fat %): Cow’s milk has 10% fat; buffalo’s milk has 20% fat. A mixture has (120/7)% fat. In what ratio (cow:buffalo) were they mixed?
• Alligation (Tea Prices): At what ratio should tea at ₹300/kg be mixed with tea at ₹200/kg to obtain a mixture costing ₹225/kg (ratio given as 300:200)?
• Successive replacement in a 960-litre milk container: Pure milk initially. Replace 48 litres thrice (each time milk removed, same volume of water added). Find remaining pure milk.