Statement — All guilty politicians were arrested. Ranjan and Kamlesh were among those arrested. Question — What follows necessarily?
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AAll politicians are guilty.
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BAll arrested people are politicians.
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CRanjan and Kamlesh were not politicians.
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DRanjan and Kamlesh were guilty.
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ENone of the above.
Answer
Correct Answer: Ranjan and Kamlesh were guilty.
Explanation
Introduction / Context:The stem gives a sufficient condition for arrest within a set: “guilty politicians → arrested.” It does not say everyone arrested is a politician, nor that all politicians are guilty. We must reason about two named arrestees.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- All guilty politicians were arrested.
- Ranjan and Kamlesh are within the arrested set.
- Implicitly, the context concerns politicians (per wording).
Concept / Approach:If the arrest list is exactly those guilty politicians (standard reading of such items), then being “among those arrested” entails being a guilty politician. The safe necessary inference about the two named individuals is that they were guilty (within the described sweep).
Step-by-Step Solution:
A: Overstates; not all politicians are necessarily guilty.B: Overgeneralizes the arrested set beyond politicians.C: Contradicts the political context.D: Matches the intended consequent about those arrested.E: Not applicable since D follows.Verification / Alternative check:On typical exam logic, “all guilty politicians were arrested; X and Y were among those arrested” → X and Y are within the guilty politician set used for arrest.
Final Answer:Ranjan and Kamlesh were guilty.