As per IS 1172:1963 provisions for institutional accommodations, a minimum of 135 litres per capita per day (lpcd) should be provided for which facilities?

Introduction / Context:Indian Standard IS 1172 recommends per-capita water requirements for various occupancies to ensure adequate domestic use, hygiene, and service demands. Knowledge of these norms is essential for water-supply planning and plumbing design.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• IS 1172:1963 (and subsequent revisions) provides benchmark lpcd values.
• Question references 135 lpcd for specified institutional accommodations.

Concept / Approach:Boarding schools, nurses’ homes/medical quarters, and hostels are all residential-type occupancies with shared facilities and continuous occupancy patterns. IS 1172 prescribes minimum lpcd figures, with 135 lpcd a commonly quoted baseline for residential and similar institutional uses under normal supply conditions.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:Design handbooks citing IS 1172 list these occupancies at or around 135 lpcd (subject to local by-laws and service levels).

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Any subset fails to include all qualifying institutional categories enumerated in the question.

Common Pitfalls:

• Confusing peak/instantaneous demands (fixture units) with daily per-capita allocation.

Final Answer:All the above