From the given options, select the word that cannot be formed using the letters of the word CONCENTRATION.

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: CENTRAL

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
This question is based on the base word CONCENTRATION. Among the given options, you have to find the one word that cannot be formed using its letters. All options look similar to the base word, and several share long common prefixes. Such questions test whether you can accurately identify missing letters or extra letters and not get misled by surface similarity. Being methodical in checking each option is crucial for consistent performance in verbal reasoning tests.


Given Data / Assumptions:
Base word: CONCENTRATION.
Letters available: C, O, N, C, E, N, T, R, A, T, I, O, N.
Options: CONCERN, CONTAINER, CONCERT, CENTRAL.
We assume each letter can be used only up to its count in the base word and that we are not allowed to introduce any new letters.


Concept / Approach:
First, list the frequency of each letter in the base word. Then, for each option, ensure that every letter exists in the base word and that its required frequency does not exceed the count in CONCENTRATION. Any option needing a letter not present, or needing more copies than available, cannot be formed. Words like CONCERN, CONTAINER and CONCERT are built largely from the same set of letters, but one of the options introduces a new letter that is not in the base word at all.


Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Count the letters in CONCENTRATION. C: 2, O: 2, N: 3, E: 1, T: 2, R: 1, A: 1, I: 1. Step 2: Check CONCERN. CONCERN requires C, O, N, C, E, R, N. Both Cs, both Ns, one O, one E and one R are available, so CONCERN can be formed. Step 3: Check CONTAINER. CONTAINER requires C, O, N, T, A, I, N, E, R. CONCENTRATION has all these letters and enough copies of N and O, so CONTAINER is possible. Step 4: Check CONCERT. CONCERT requires C, O, N, C, E, R, T. The base word has C twice, N at least once, O, E, R and T, so CONCERT can be formed. Step 5: Check CENTRAL. CENTRAL requires C, E, N, T, R, A, L. Although C, E, N, T, R and A exist in CONCENTRATION, there is no letter L in the base word. Therefore CENTRAL cannot be formed from CONCENTRATION.


Verification / Alternative check:
Rechecking the base word CONCENTRATION, we see that it does not contain L. The letters are limited to C, O, N, E, T, R, A and I in various counts. Since CENTRAL needs L, it cannot be formed. For the other options, every letter is part of this set and the necessary counts are within what CONCENTRATION provides. The fact that only CENTRAL uses a letter outside the base set confirms it as the unique invalid option.


Why Other Options Are Wrong:
CONCERN is valid; it uses C twice, N twice, O once, E once and R once, all of which are present in the base word.
CONTAINER is valid because C, O, N, T, A, I, N, E and R can all be taken from the base word with sufficient frequency, especially since there are three Ns and two Os available.
CONCERT is valid since its letters C, O, N, C, E, R and T all appear and do not exceed the available counts.
Hence these three options can be formed and do not answer the question.


Common Pitfalls:
A typical error is to assume that because CENTRAL looks like a common part of the base word, it must be buildable. Many candidates glance at the first few letters, see CONCEN in CONCENTRATION and CONCERN or similar structures, and assume everything that looks alike is valid. Another error is not carefully checking letters near the end of the alphabet, such as L, which may be missing. A reliable approach is always to scan each option for any letter that does not appear at all in the base word before checking repeated letters or counts.


Final Answer:
The word that cannot be formed from the letters in CONCENTRATION is CENTRAL, because the base word does not contain the letter L at all.

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