Difficulty: Medium
Correct Answer: MANIA
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
This question tests the ability to work with letters and spellings in a verbal reasoning setting. We are given a base word, AMPLIFICATION, and asked to decide which of the options can be formed using only the letters of this base word. Each letter in the base word can be used at most as many times as it appears there. Such questions require a careful count of letters and a systematic comparison with each option.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
The correct procedure is to count how many times each relevant letter appears in the base word. Then, for each option word, we check if all its letters are present in the base word with at least the required frequency. If any option uses a letter that does not appear in the base word, or uses it more times than available, that option is invalid. The option that satisfies all constraints is the answer.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: List letters in AMPLIFICATION: A, A, C, F, I, I, I, M, N, O, P, T, L.
Step 2: Consider ACTOR. Letters are A, C, T, O, R. While A, C, T, and O appear in AMPLIFICATION, the letter R does not appear at all, so ACTOR cannot be formed.
Step 3: Consider MANOR. Letters are M, A, N, O, R. All letters except R are present in AMPLIFICATION. As before, R is missing, so MANOR cannot be formed.
Step 4: Consider CHAMP. Letters are C, H, A, M, P. The base word has C, A, M, and P, but none of its letters is H, so CHAMP cannot be formed.
Step 5: Consider MANIA. Letters are M, A, N, I, A. The base word has M, at least two A letters, at least one N, and at least one I, so MANIA can be formed from AMPLIFICATION.
Step 6: Therefore MANIA is the only word that satisfies the letter availability condition.
Verification / Alternative check:
To confirm the answer, it is useful to write the frequency of key letters in AMPLIFICATION. For example, A appears twice, I appears three times, N appears once, and M appears once. MANIA demands M once, A twice, N once, and I once, all of which are within the available limits. On the other hand, R appears zero times in the base word, so any option containing R is automatically invalid. Hence alternatives ACTOR and MANOR are disqualified. The absence of H disqualifies CHAMP. This verifies that MANIA is uniquely valid.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
ACTOR: Contains the letter R, which is not present in AMPLIFICATION, so it cannot be formed.
MANOR: Also contains R, which makes it impossible to build from the base letters.
CHAMP: Contains the letter H, which does not appear in AMPLIFICATION.
None of the above: This would be correct only if none of the words could be formed, but we have already seen that MANIA is possible.
Common Pitfalls:
Test takers sometimes overlook single missing letters such as R or H and focus only on the more obvious matches. Another mistake is not checking letter frequency, especially when a letter repeats, as in the two A letters of MANIA. A disciplined method of checking each letter of the option against a list of letters from the base word helps avoid careless errors.
Final Answer:
The only word that can be formed using the letters of AMPLIFICATION is MANIA.
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