Which Indian state became the first to introduce a 'fat tax' on junk food items?

Introduction / Context:
This question focuses on public health policy and innovative taxation measures adopted by Indian states to discourage unhealthy eating habits. A so called 'fat tax' is a tax imposed on foods that are considered high in fat, sugar, or calories, particularly items like burgers, pizzas, and other junk food sold in restaurants. The aim is to reduce consumption of such foods and generate revenue that can support health initiatives.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We are asked to identify which Indian state introduced a specific tax on junk food, commonly referred to as a fat tax.
• The options are Rajasthan, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Bihar.
• We assume the question refers to the widely reported decision implemented through the state budget.
• No calculations are required; it is purely a current-affairs recall question.

Concept / Approach:
Kerala became widely known as the first Indian state to impose a fat tax on certain fast-food and junk food items served in branded restaurants. This measure was announced in the state budget and was discussed in national media as an innovative step to tackle lifestyle diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Other states in the options have not been similarly highlighted for introducing a formal fat tax during the same period.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall news reports about an Indian state levying a fat tax on junk food like burgers and pizzas. Step 2: Identify the state as Kerala, which implemented such a tax through its budget. Step 3: Review the options: Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, and Bihar have not been reported as pioneers of a fat tax in this context. Step 4: Select Kerala as the correct answer.
Verification / Alternative check:
You can verify by remembering that Kerala is often in the news for health and education initiatives, and its fat tax announcement drew significant national attention. Many exam preparation materials mention this fact under the heading of innovative state taxes or health-related policies, reinforcing the memory that Kerala was the first Indian state to introduce this type of tax on junk food.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Rajasthan: Known for other policy initiatives, but not specifically as the pioneer of a fat tax on junk food.
• Andhra Pradesh: Has implemented various schemes in agriculture and welfare, but not highlighted for this specific tax.
• Bihar: Focuses on different socio-economic programmes; it is not associated with being the first to introduce a fat tax.

Common Pitfalls:
Some candidates may guess Rajasthan or Andhra Pradesh based on their own assumptions about health initiatives, but without a clear memory of the news item. Another pitfall is to confuse the fat tax with other forms of state-level sin taxes, such as those on alcohol or tobacco, which are more widely implemented and can lead to incorrect associations.

Final Answer:
The first Indian state to introduce a 'fat tax' on junk food items was Kerala.