The rulers of which dynasty in India were the successors of Timur, the Central Asian ruler of Iran, Iraq and parts of modern Turkey?

Introduction / Context:
The origin and lineage of ruling dynasties is an important part of medieval Indian history. The Mughals, who established a powerful empire in India in the sixteenth century, traced their ancestry to the famous Central Asian conqueror Timur. Recognising this genealogical link helps explain the prestige and legitimacy claimed by Mughal rulers.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The question asks which Indian dynasty considered itself the successors of Timur.
• Timur ruled over regions including Iran, Iraq and parts of modern Turkey.
• The options list Rajputs, Khaljis, Mughals, Tughluqs and Lodis.
• We must recall which dynasty emphasised Timurid descent.

Concept / Approach:
Babur, the founder of the Mughal empire in India, was a descendant of Timur on his father's side and of Genghis Khan on his mother's side. Because of this lineage, the Mughals often called themselves Timurid princes and saw their rule in India as a continuation of Timurid traditions. None of the other dynasties listed trace their roots to Timur in this way.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Historical sources and Babur's own memoir, the Baburnama, make repeated references to his Timurid ancestry. Later Mughal emperors also celebrated this connection in their chronicles and art. This clear tradition confirms that the Mughals are the successors of Timur mentioned in the question.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Rajputs: A group of warrior clans in North and Western India, not descended from Timur.
• Khaljis: A dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate with Turkic Afghan links, not Timurid.
• Tughluqs: Another Delhi Sultanate dynasty with different Central Asian and Turkic associations.
• Lodis: An Afghan dynasty ruling Delhi before Babur, again not descended from Timur.

Common Pitfalls:
Some students confuse the words Mongol and Mughal and forget that the Mughal rulers also highlighted their Timurid heritage. Remembering Babur's mixed lineage and the special prestige of Timur in Central Asia helps avoid such confusion and reinforces the link between the Mughals and Timur.

Final Answer:
Correct answer: Mughals.