Project Management – Introduction: According to the Project Management Institute, what is project management?

Introduction / Context:
The Project Management Body of Knowledge provides a concise definition of project management that underpins the entire discipline. Many exam questions rely on your ability to distinguish project management from operations management, portfolio management and program management. This introductory question asks for that core definition, which you should be able to recall almost word for word. Knowing this definition helps anchor your understanding of all the processes described later in the guide.

Given Data / Assumptions:
- The topic is basic project management terminology.
- The options include definitions of operations, portfolio management and program management.
- The correct definition must include knowledge, skills, tools and techniques applied to project activities.
- The aim is to meet project requirements.

Concept / Approach:
PMI defines project management as the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements. This definition emphasises both the human and technical dimensions of managing a project, and it focuses on project activities rather than routine operations. Project management is temporary and unique, as projects produce unique products, services or results. In contrast, operations management deals with ongoing, repetitive work. Portfolio management and program management operate at higher organisational levels, dealing with groups of projects.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall the PMI definition of project management from the Project Management Body of Knowledge. Step 2: Note the key elements: application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques, and the goal of meeting project requirements. Step 3: Compare each option with this remembered definition. Step 4: Eliminate options that describe operations, portfolios or programs instead of a single project. Step 5: Choose the option that matches the exact wording of the PMI definition.
Verification / Alternative check:
As a quick memory check, think of the four words knowledge, skills, tools and techniques. Any answer that does not mention at least some of these is unlikely to be correct. Then look for reference to project activities and project requirements. This double check quickly points to the correct option and separates it from definitions at other organisational levels.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
The operations option refers to ongoing work in a functional department, which is not temporary or unique. The portfolio management option is about selecting and prioritising multiple projects and programs, not managing a single project. The program management option is about coordinating related projects to realise shared benefits. The technical procedures option is far too narrow and describes one type of project deliverable, not the overall management discipline.

Common Pitfalls:
Some learners may incorrectly assume that project management is only about technical scheduling or only about leadership. The PMI definition makes clear that it involves a balanced mix of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques. Another common mistake is to underestimate the importance of requirements; project management exists to meet those requirements, not simply to generate activity. Keeping the full definition in mind helps align all processes and tools with the goal of delivering value.

Final Answer:
Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements.