Nuclear era: What is Enrico Fermi most famous for having invented/achieved? Context: World War II era fundamental breakthrough in nuclear physics and engineering. Choose the correct achievement.

Difficulty: Easy

The first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction (Chicago Pile-1)
The hydrogen bomb
The cyclotron
The Geiger counter

Correct Answer: The first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction (Chicago Pile-1)

Explanation:

Given data

Asks for Fermi’s signature achievement.

Concept / Approach
On 2 December 1942, Enrico Fermi led the experiment that produced the world’s first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction in Chicago Pile-1 beneath Stagg Field.

Final Answer
The first controlled nuclear chain reaction (Chicago Pile-1).

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