Physical chemistry (solvation): Why is water a particularly good solvent for ionic salts? Base your choice on the molecular property of H₂O that stabilizes ions in solution. Choose the correct reason.

Given data

• Property of water that explains dissolution of ionic solids.

Concept/Approach Water is a highly polar molecule with a large dipole moment. This strong polarity creates ion–dipole interactions that stabilize separated cations and anions, lowering the free energy of dissolution.

Step-by-step reasoning • Ionic crystal → ions held by lattice energy. • In water, ion–dipole attractions (Hδ⁺ to anions, Oδ⁻ to cations) hydrate the ions. • Hydration energy counteracts lattice energy → salt dissolves.

Final Answer It has a high dipole moment