Question 1

Calendars — month roll-over day logic If 1st October is a Sunday, then on which day will 1st November fall?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question checks calendar arithmetic: how weekdays shift when one month rolls into the next. October has 31 days, so the weekday for the 1st of the following month moves forward by 31 mod 7 days. Given Data / Assumptions: 1 October is a Sunday. October has 31 days. Weekdays cycle every 7 days. Concept / Approach: When a month has 31 days, the weekday advances by 3 days (because 31 = 28 + 3, and 28 is a full 4-week cycle). Step-by-Step Solution: Start day: Sunday.Advance by 31 days ⇒ net shift = 31 mod 7 = 3 days.Sunday + 3 days ⇒ Monday (1), Tuesday (2), Wednesday (3). Verification / Alternative check: List a short run of dates: 1 Oct (Sun), 8 Oct (Sun), 15 Oct (Sun), 22 Oct (Sun), 29 Oct (Sun) → 30 Oct (Mon) → 31 Oct (Tue) → 1 Nov (Wed). Why Other Options Are Wrong: Monday/Tuesday/Thursday do not reflect the +3-day rule for a 31-day month. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting that 30-day months shift +2, while 31-day months shift +3. Final Answer: Wednesday

Question 2

Digit pattern counting — exact adjacency rule How many 3's appear in the list below that are immediately followed by 9 and immediately preceded by 2, 3, or 4?  1 1 2 3 9 4 4 5 5 5 5 3 3 9 8 7 7 7 8 8 8 5 5 4 3 9 6 6 6 6

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a local-pattern counting problem: we must scan each occurrence of the digit 3 and check two immediate neighbors — the one just before and the one just after — against the stated condition. Given Data / Assumptions: Sequence: 1 1 2 3 9 4 4 5 5 5 5 3 3 9 8 7 7 7 8 8 8 5 5 4 3 9 6 6 6 6 Count only those 3's with: left neighbor in {2,3,4} and right neighbor = 9. Concept / Approach: Index the sequence, find indices where value = 3, then check immediate neighbors. Step-by-Step Solution: 3's are at positions 4, 12, 13, 25 (0-based reasoning avoided; we use the visible order).Pos 4: left=2 (valid), right=9 (valid) ⇒ count.Pos 12: left=5 (invalid), right=3 ⇒ reject.Pos 13: left=3 (valid), right=9 (valid) ⇒ count.Pos 25: left=4 (valid), right=9 (valid) ⇒ count. Verification / Alternative check: Re-scan with a ruler/underline to ensure only those three positions satisfy both neighbor conditions. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 1 or 2 undercounts (misses qualifying 3's); 4 overcounts (includes a 3 without valid neighbors). Common Pitfalls: Accidentally counting a 3 where the follower is not 9 or where the predecessor is 5 (disallowed). Final Answer: 3

Question 3

Rank shifts in a fixed-length row In a row of 21 girls, Monika moves four places to the right and becomes 12th from the left. What was her earlier position from the right end?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Row-ranking problems use a fixed total length. Moving within the row changes left/right indices while preserving N (the total count). Given Data / Assumptions: Total N = 21. After moving 4 to the right, Monika is 12th from the left. Concept / Approach: If the new left-rank is 12 after shifting 4 to the right, the earlier left-rank was 12 − 4 = 8. Convert that earlier left-rank to right-rank via N − L + 1. Step-by-Step Solution: Earlier left-rank = 12 − 4 = 8.Earlier right-rank = 21 − 8 + 1 = 14. Verification / Alternative check: Positions from left and right should sum to N + 1: 8 + 14 = 22 = 21 + 1. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They do not satisfy the invariant L + R = N + 1 with earlier L = 8. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting to adjust by +1 when converting between left and right ranks. Final Answer: 14th

Question 4

Digit pattern counting — target 9 flanked by specific neighbors How many 9's in the sequence are immediately followed by 7 and immediately preceded by either 4 or 5?  1 2 3 7 8 9 1 4 9 7 3 6 9 8 1 5 3 5 9 7

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Again, a local-neighborhood scan. We look only at digit 9 and test its immediate neighbors. Given Data / Assumptions: Sequence: 1 2 3 7 8 9 1 4 9 7 3 6 9 8 1 5 3 5 9 7 Count 9's with left ∈ {4,5} and right = 7. Concept / Approach: List 9's positions: 6, 9, 13, 19 (1-based). Check neighbors. Step-by-Step Solution: Pos 6: left=8 ⇒ reject.Pos 9: left=4, right=7 ⇒ count.Pos 13: left=6 ⇒ reject.Pos 19: left=5, right=7 ⇒ count. Verification / Alternative check: Recheck indices carefully; only positions 9 and 19 qualify. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 1 or 3/4 miscount the qualifying instances. Common Pitfalls: Counting a 9 where the follower is not 7. Final Answer: 2

Question 5

Relative ordering by weight — five persons A, B, C, D, E A, B, C, D and E are arranged in descending order of weight from the top (heaviest at the top). A is third; E is between D and A; C and D are not at the top. Who is second?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a positional logic puzzle with constraints that pin down an exact arrangement. Given Data / Assumptions: Positions 1..5 from top (1 = heaviest). A is at position 3. E is between D and A. C and D are not at position 1. Concept / Approach: Test placements consistent with “E between D and A,” given A is fixed at 3. This yields two structural possibilities: (i) D–E–A (positions 1–2–3) or (ii) A–E–D (positions 3–4–5). Apply the “not at the top” bans to eliminate impossible cases. Step-by-Step Solution: Case (i): D at 1, E at 2, A at 3 ⇒ violates “D is not at the top.” Reject.Case (ii): A at 3, E at 4, D at 5 ⇒ satisfies the “between” condition and the bans.Remaining persons B and C fill positions 1 and 2, but C cannot be at top (position 1), so B=1 and C=2. Verification / Alternative check: The final order (from top): B, C, A, E, D satisfies all statements. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Any other second place fails the “not at top” or “between” constraints. Common Pitfalls: Putting D at top in the first arrangement and overlooking the explicit ban. Final Answer: C

Question 6

Ranking logic — comparative positions in a class Mohan and Suresh study in the same class. Mohan scored higher than Suresh. Suresh's rank is seventh from the top. Which statement is definitely true?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: “Seventh from top” fixes Suresh's position. Mohan is above Suresh (a better rank). We must find what must always hold regardless of the exact class size. Concept / Approach: The maximum gap occurs when Mohan is 1st. Then the number of students between them equals (7 − 1) − 1 = 5. For any other Mohan rank (2nd to 6th), the gap is smaller. Step-by-Step Solution: Suresh = 7th.Mohan ∈ {1st,2nd,3rd,4th,5th,6th}.Maximum separation when Mohan=1st ⇒ between = 5.Therefore, the number between them is ≤ 5 in all cases. Why Other Options Are Wrong: First place is not guaranteed (a). “At least one between” fails if Mohan is exactly 6th (b). “Exactly five ranks” is not fixed (d). Common Pitfalls: Confusing “definitely true” with a likely scenario. Final Answer: There are at the most five students between Mohan and Suresh in the rank list.

Question 7

Workdays in a 30-day month starting on Saturday If every second Saturday and all Sundays are holidays in a 30-day month beginning on a Saturday, how many working days are there?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: We count holidays (all Sundays + every second Saturday) and subtract from 30. Given Data / Assumptions: Month starts on Saturday. Days 1..30: Saturdays fall on 1, 8, 15, 22, 29; Sundays on 2, 9, 16, 23, 30. Holidays: all Sundays + the 2nd and 4th Saturdays. Step-by-Step Solution: Sundays off = 5 (2, 9, 16, 23, 30).Second Saturdays off = 8 (2nd Sat) and 22 (4th Sat) ⇒ 2 more holidays.Total holidays = 5 + 2 = 7.Working days = 30 − 7 = 23. Verification / Alternative check: Listing the weekend grid confirms only two Saturdays (8 and 22) are designated second/fourth Saturday holidays. Final Answer: 23

Question 8

Trains at fixed intervals — find the announcement time A train to Lucknow departs every 2 hours 30 minutes from New Delhi. An announcement says: “The previous train left 40 minutes ago and the next train will leave at 18:00 hrs.” At what time was th…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Departures occur every 2 h 30 min. Knowing the time of the next departure allows us to infer the previous departure and thus “now,” given the “40 minutes ago” statement. Given Data / Assumptions: Next departure: 18:00. Interval: 2 h 30 min. Previous train left 40 minutes before the announcement. Step-by-Step Solution: Previous scheduled departure = 18:00 − 2:30 = 15:30.If the previous train “left 40 minutes ago,” the current time = 15:30 + 0:40 = 16:10. Verification / Alternative check: Time from announcement (16:10) to next departure (18:00) is 1 h 50 min. Adding to the 40 min since the previous yields the full 2 h 30 min interval. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 15:30 is the time of the previous departure, not the announcement; 16:00 and 17:10 do not satisfy the interval partition (40 min elapsed + remaining to 18:00 = 2:30). Common Pitfalls: Confusing “previous departure time” with “announcement time.” Final Answer: 16.10 hrs

Question 9

Opposite-direction counting — synchronized calls Nitin counts down from 32 (32, 31, 30, …) while Sumit counts up only odd numbers starting at 1 (1, 3, 5, …), calling out numbers at the same speed. Will they ever call the same number at the same time?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: We compare two synchronized sequences to test if a common term occurs at the same index. Concept / Approach: At step t (starting t = 0 at the first call), Nitin says 32 − t. Sumit says 2t + 1. Set them equal and check for integer t ≥ 0. Step-by-Step Solution: Equation: 32 − t = 2t + 1 ⇒ 31 = 3t ⇒ t = 31/3.t is not an integer ⇒ there is no synchronized step where both announce the same number. Verification / Alternative check: Listing partial terms shows near misses but no exact match at the same step. Final Answer: They will not call out the same number

Question 10

Two persons in a line — total count from fixed positions Mahendra is 17th from the left; Surendra is 18th from the right. There are 8 boys between them. How many boys are in the line?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: When two positions from opposite ends and the number of people between them are known, total N can be computed directly. Concept / Approach: A standard identity holds: N = LeftPos + RightPos + Between. Step-by-Step Solution: N = 17 (left) + 18 (right) + 8 (between) = 43. Verification / Alternative check: Construct a schematic: if Mahendra is to the left of Surendra, Surendra's left index is 17 + 8 + 1 = 26. Then N = 26 (Surendra from left) + 18 (Surendra from right) − 1 = 43. Final Answer: 43

Question 11

Swap in a row — deducing class size and new position Ramesh is 9th from the left; Suman is 6th from the right. After they swap positions, Ramesh becomes 15th from the left. What is Suman’s position from the right then?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Swapping two students means each takes the other's exact seat. Use the conversion between left and right indices to find the class size first. Concept / Approach: If Suman is 6th from the right in a class of N, the same seat is (N − 6 + 1) from the left. After the swap, Ramesh is in that seat and is given as 15th from the left. Step-by-Step Solution: N − 6 + 1 = 15 ⇒ N − 5 = 15 ⇒ N = 20.Ramesh's original right-rank = N − 9 + 1 = 12 ⇒ that becomes Suman's new right-rank after the swap. Verification / Alternative check: Left and right ranks always sum to N + 1 = 21 for N = 20 (e.g., 9 + 12 = 21). Final Answer: 12th

Question 12

Day-of-week intersection — two partial memories Abha remembers her mother’s birthday is before Friday but after Monday. Abhay remembers it is after Wednesday and before Saturday. On which day does the birthday definitely fall?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Intersect the two ranges of possible days. Given Data / Assumptions: Range 1 (Abha): Monday < Day < Friday ⇒ {Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday}. Range 2 (Abhay): Wednesday < Day < Saturday ⇒ {Thursday, Friday}. Step-by-Step Solution: Intersection = {Thursday}. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They lie outside the intersection. Final Answer: Thursday

Question 13

Meetings at fixed intervals — deduce current time Each meeting occurs every 3 hours 15 minutes. The last meeting got over 45 minutes ago, and the next will be at 2:00 pm. At what time did Jatin receive this information?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: We work backward from the next scheduled time to find the previous, then add the “elapsed since last” to find the current time. Step-by-Step Solution: Next meeting: 2:00 pm.Interval: 3 h 15 m ⇒ previous scheduled meeting = 2:00 pm − 3:15 = 10:45 am.“Last meeting has been over just before 45 minutes” ⇒ now = 10:45 am + 45 m = 11:30 am. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They do not maintain the exact 3 h 15 m symmetry around 2:00 pm with a 45-minute offset to “now.” Final Answer: 11.30 am

Question 14

Relative ranks from the end — compute from class size Ravi is 7 ranks ahead of Sumit in a class of 39. Sumit is 17th from the last. What is Ravi’s rank from the start?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Convert a “from last” rank to “from start,” then adjust for the comparative difference. Step-by-Step Solution: Sumit from start = 39 − 17 + 1 = 23rd.Ravi is 7 ranks ahead ⇒ 23 − 7 = 16th. Verification / Alternative check: From last for Ravi: 39 − 16 + 1 = 24th, which is 7 better than Sumit's 23rd from start (consistent direction). Final Answer: 16th

Question 15

Swap positions in a line — deduce total and new index In a line of students, Madhukar is 15th from the right and Dhirendra is 18th from the left. After they interchange positions, Madhukar is 20th from the right. What is Dhirendra’s position from th…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Interchanging positions swaps exact seats. Use the conversion L = N − R + 1 to determine N first, then the resulting index. Step-by-Step Solution: After swap, Madhukar's right-rank equals Dhirendra's original right-rank.Dhirendra original right-rank = N − 18 + 1 = N − 17.Given after swap Madhukar is 20th from right ⇒ N − 17 = 20 ⇒ N = 37.Dhirendra's new left-rank equals Madhukar's original left-rank: N − 15 + 1 = 23. Verification / Alternative check: Sum checks: original (Madhukar) 15th from right ⇒ left = 37 − 15 + 1 = 23; consistent with the result required. Final Answer: 23rd

Question 16

Calendar reasoning – If the 9th day of a month falls on the day immediately before Sunday (i.e., Saturday), on which day of the week does the 1st of that same month fall? Explain the logic clearly and show the backward counting from the 9th to the 1…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The problem tests basic calendar arithmetic: moving backward or forward by whole weeks and days to determine weekdays for specific dates within the same month. Given Data / Assumptions: The 9th day of an unspecified month is the day preceding Sunday, i.e., Saturday. We need the weekday on the 1st of that same month. No leap-year or month-length edge case affects weekday differences within a single month when counting fixed day gaps. Concept / Approach: Weekdays cycle every 7 days. Moving 7 days backward or forward lands on the same weekday. From the 9th back to the 1st is a gap of 8 days. Subtracting 7 (one full week) reduces the problem to shifting by 1 day backward. Step-by-Step Solution: 9th = Saturday (given).Days between 9th and 1st = 8.Break 8 as 7 + 1.Move back 7 days: Saturday - 7 = Saturday.Move back 1 more day: Saturday - 1 = Friday. Verification / Alternative check: Forward check from the 1st: If 1st were Friday, then 8 days later (1st + 8) is Saturday, matching the 9th being Saturday. Consistent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Saturday would make the 9th and 1st identical weekdays (requires 0 or multiples of 7 difference, not 8). Sunday or Monday are each off by one from the required backward shift. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting to reduce 8 by a full week to a 1-day shift, or misreading “preceding Sunday” as “following Sunday.” Final Answer: Friday

Question 17

Relative days – If the day before yesterday was Thursday, identify on which day Sunday will fall relative to today.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question checks comfort with relative day phrases (yesterday, day before yesterday, tomorrow) and mapping them to the weekly cycle. Given Data / Assumptions: Day before yesterday = Thursday. We must state when Sunday occurs relative to today. Concept / Approach: If day before yesterday is Thursday, two days have passed since Thursday to reach today. Therefore, today is Saturday. Compute Sunday relative to a Saturday “today.” Step-by-Step Solution: Day before yesterday = Thursday.Yesterday = Friday.Today = Saturday.Sunday occurs one day after Saturday. Verification / Alternative check: Counting backwards from Sunday (tomorrow): Tomorrow = Sunday implies today = Saturday; then yesterday = Friday; day before yesterday = Thursday, which matches the premise. Why Other Options Are Wrong: “Day after tomorrow” would make today Friday; “Today” would imply Sunday = Saturday; “Two days after today” would place Sunday on Monday. All conflict with the established sequence. Common Pitfalls: Misplacing “day before yesterday” (two days earlier) and treating it as “yesterday.” Final Answer: Tomorrow

Question 18

Calendar calculation – Suresh was born on 4 October 1999. Shashikanth was born 6 days earlier. Given that Independence Day (15 August 1999) fell on a Sunday, determine the weekday of Shashikanth’s birth.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a classic calendar arithmetic problem: translate a known weekday for a reference date into the weekday for a target date using day differences modulo 7. Given Data / Assumptions: 15 Aug 1999 (Independence Day) = Sunday. Suresh’s DOB = 4 Oct 1999. Shashikanth’s DOB = 6 days before 4 Oct 1999 = 28 Sep 1999. Concept / Approach: Compute the difference in days from 15 Aug 1999 (Sunday) to 28 Sep 1999; reduce modulo 7; apply the shift to Sunday to find the target weekday. Step-by-Step Solution: From 15 Aug to 31 Aug = 16 days.From 1 Sep to 28 Sep = 28 days.Total = 16 + 28 = 44 days.44 mod 7 = 2 (since 42 is a multiple of 7).Sunday + 2 days = Tuesday. Verification / Alternative check: Counting by weeks: 6 weeks (42 days) after Sunday is Sunday; add 2 more days to reach Tuesday, matching the result. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Monday or Wednesday are ±1 from the correct 2-day shift; Sunday implies zero shift, which contradicts the 44-day gap. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting that Aug has 31 days, or miscounting inclusive/exclusive bounds; using 43 or 45 instead of 44 leads to a one-day error. Final Answer: Tuesday

Question 19

Relative days – If two days before yesterday was Friday, determine the day that will fall on the day after tomorrow. Show each intermediate step.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Questions involving “two days before yesterday” and “day after tomorrow” test precise handling of multi-step relative day expressions. Given Data / Assumptions: Two days before yesterday = Friday. Find the weekday for the day after tomorrow. Concept / Approach: Translate the phrase into today. If (today - 3 days) = Friday, then today is Monday. Then compute (today + 2 days) for “day after tomorrow.” Step-by-Step Solution: Two days before yesterday = today - 3.today - 3 = Friday → today = Monday.Day after tomorrow = today + 2 = Monday + 2 = Wednesday. Verification / Alternative check: Construct the short timeline: Fri (T-3), Sat (T-2), Sun (T-1), Mon (T), Tue (T+1), Wed (T+2). Matches the computation. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Monday is today, not day after tomorrow; Saturday/Sunday are earlier than required; Wednesday is the unique correct day. Common Pitfalls: Misinterpreting “two days before yesterday” as “two days before today,” which shifts everything by one day. Final Answer: Wednesday

Question 20

Relative days – If the day before yesterday was Tuesday, identify the weekday that will occur on the day after tomorrow.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This problem reinforces mapping between “day before yesterday,” “today,” and “day after tomorrow.” Given Data / Assumptions: Day before yesterday = Tuesday. Find the day after tomorrow. Concept / Approach: If (today - 2) = Tuesday, then today = Thursday. Add two days to reach “day after tomorrow.” Step-by-Step Solution: today - 2 = Tuesday → today = Thursday.day after tomorrow = today + 2 = Thursday + 2 = Saturday. Verification / Alternative check: Sequence: Tue (T-2), Wed (T-1), Thu (T), Fri (T+1), Sat (T+2). Correct. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Monday/Wednesday/Friday do not align with the derived Thursday baseline plus two days. Common Pitfalls: Confusing “yesterday” with “day before yesterday,” leading to a one-day offset error. Final Answer: Saturday

Time Sequence Questions