Statement: Global credit rating agency Standard and poors's (S&P) downgraded India's local currency rating to junk bond status. But India's foreign currency rating has been maintained at the same level as earlier, ie at junk bond or speculative grade. Conclusions : I. The downgrade is likely to demoralise the stock and foreign exchange markets and make overseas borrowing costlier. II. India is gradually approaching a debt trap.

• if only conclusion I follows
• if only conclusion II follows
• if either I or II follows
• if neither I nor II follows, and