One-word substitution (rhetoric: verbal attack): Identify the verb that means to issue a thunderous, vehement verbal attack or denunciation. Context: Distinguish from words meaning to languish (weaken), to animate (energize), or to invigorate (strengthen). Instruction: Choose the most accurate single-word substitute.

Given data

• Phrasing: ‘‘To issue a thunderous verbal attack.’’
• Options include verbs with unrelated meanings (weaken, energize, strengthen).

Concept / Approach
To fulminate is to protest or denounce loudly and angrily, often with explosive rhetoric.

Elimination
Fulminate — deliver vehement denunciations; correct. ✅Languish — lose strength; not attack. ❌Animate — give life/energy; not denunciation. ❌Invigorate — make stronger/energetic; not denunciation. ❌

Example
‘‘Commentators fulminated against the policy in fiery editorials.’’

Final Answer
Fulminate