Which article of the United Nations Charter formally established the International Trusteeship System?

Introduction / Context:
The United Nations Charter sets out detailed provisions for different organs and systems, including the International Trusteeship System that replaced the League of Nations mandates in many territories. For constitutional or polity related examinations, knowing the specific article that establishes this system is important.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The focus is on the UN Charter article that creates the International Trusteeship System.
• The answer choices are Articles 78, 79, 75 and 74.
• We assume the standard numbering of chapters and articles in the Charter.
• The question targets the exact article number.

Concept / Approach:
The International Trusteeship System is dealt with in Chapter XII of the UN Charter. Article 75 of the Charter explicitly states that the United Nations shall establish an international trusteeship system for the administration and supervision of trust territories. Therefore, Article 75 is the correct reference article, while adjoining articles deal with related but distinct issues.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall that the Trusteeship System is organised under Chapter XII of the UN Charter.Step 2: Within this chapter, Article 75 is the starting provision that formally establishes the International Trusteeship System.Step 3: Subsequent articles, such as 76 and 77, elaborate on principles and application, while Articles 74, 78 and 79 have other roles.Step 4: Among the given options, “Article 75” is the only one that directly states that the United Nations shall establish the international trusteeship system.Step 5: Therefore, choose Article 75 as the correct answer.

Verification / Alternative check:
Students who have studied the UN Charter often remember that Article 75 is specifically quoted in polity notes when explaining how trust territories were supervised. Quick reference books on international organisations also associate Article 75 with the creation of the Trusteeship System, confirming its importance as the foundational article.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Article 78: Deals with questions related to the application of the trusteeship system but does not itself establish the system.

Article 79: Concerns agreements for placing territories under the trusteeship system, again different from creating it.

Article 74: Falls outside the central provision that formally sets up the trusteeship framework.

Common Pitfalls:
Candidates may confuse Article 75 with surrounding articles because several of them appear in exam notes about trusteeship. Another common error is to select the highest numbered article among the options in the belief that later articles must contain the final decision. A careful reading of charter summaries, however, shows that Article 75 is the actual establishing provision.

Final Answer:
The International Trusteeship System is established by Article 75 of the UN Charter.