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Energy grade line (TEL) vs hydraulic grade line (HGL) In pipe flow, the total energy line lies above the hydraulic gradient line by what amount? Choose the correct quantity.

Q: Energy grade line (TEL) vs hydraulic grade line (HGL) In pipe flow, the total energy line lies above the hydraulic gradient line by what amount? Choose the correct quantity.

Concept/Approach HGL = z + p/γ. TEL = z + p/γ + v²/(2g). The difference (TEL − HGL) is the velocity head v²/(2g). Final Answer Velocity head

Difficulty: Easy

Pressure head
Velocity head
Pressure head + velocity head
Pressure head − velocity head

Correct Answer: Velocity head

Explanation:

Concept/Approach

HGL = z + p/γ. TEL = z + p/γ + v²/(2g). The difference (TEL − HGL) is the velocity head v²/(2g).

Final Answer
Velocity head

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