Determinants of tool life: Which parameters significantly affect the life of a single-point cutting tool in turning?

Introduction / Context:
Tool life determines productivity and cost. While cutting speed is the most dominant variable in the Taylor tool life equation, feed and depth of cut also influence heat generation, chip load, and contact stresses, thereby affecting wear mechanisms and life.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Turning with HSS/carbide tools.
• Steady state, continuous cutting.
• Acceptable chip control and coolant application.

Concept / Approach:
Taylor’s relation V * T^n = C highlights speed sensitivity. However, increasing feed raises chip thickness, forces, and temperature; increasing depth of cut expands the contact area and may shift wear from flank to notch/crater and increase power demands. All three parameters interact with material, tool grade, and cooling to set practical life.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Machining handbooks and manufacturer data provide tool life maps vs. speed, feed, and depth, confirming significant, coupled effects.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Choosing only one parameter ignores the practical multi-variable nature of wear and life; “none of these” is clearly false.

Common Pitfalls:
Optimizing speed without adjusting feed/depth; ignoring machine rigidity and chatter limits; overlooking coolant’s role in life extension.

Final Answer:
all of these