The passage explains that one of the important humanitarian by products of technology is the greater dignity and value that it imparts to human labour, and that in a highly industrialised society individual productivity determines pay and social status more than caste or religion. On the basis of this passage, which of the following statements is best supported?

Introduction / Context:
This is a theme detection question based on a short passage about technology, labour, and social status. The passage states that a humanitarian by product of technology is that it gives greater dignity and value to human labour. It then explains that in a highly industrialised society, there is no essential difference between people of various castes and religions, since individual productivity determines the size of the pay cheque and therefore social status. We must identify which option best captures the central idea that the passage directly supports.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Technology has humanitarian effects.
• One key effect is that it imparts greater dignity and value to human labour.
• In highly industrialised societies, social status is more closely linked to individual productivity and wages than to caste or religion.
• The passage contrasts older social divisions with modern, productivity based valuation.
• The options present different possible generalisations about technology, labour, caste, and equality.

Concept / Approach:
In theme detection questions, the correct option is the one that the passage clearly supports and emphasises, without adding new claims or generalising beyond what is stated. We look for the idea that is both central and accurately worded. Statements that overreach or express only a side detail should be rejected. We must also avoid options that sound attractive but introduce claims about birth equality or complete social construction that the passage never explicitly mentions.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Identify the key sentence. The first sentence says that an important humanitarian by product of technology is the greater dignity and value that it gives to human labour. This is the central assertion.Step 2: Note how the passage supports this idea. It explains that in an industrialised society, Brahmin and Dalit, Muslim and Hindu become equally useful and valuable because pay is based on productivity. This is an illustration of dignity and value being attached to work, not caste or creed.Step 3: Examine option c. It states that human labour has dignity and value. This directly summarises the main thesis and is explicitly supported by the opening sentence.Step 4: Examine option a. It says technology decides social status. While the passage hints that industrial technology helps make productivity central, it does not state that technology alone decides status; rather, it emphasises labour and productivity.Step 5: Examine options b and d. These options generalise about caste, religion, and birth equality. The passage uses castes and religions only as examples to show that productivity based valuation reduces their importance; it does not discuss their origin or equality at birth.Step 6: Option e suggests none of the statements fit, which is incorrect because option c clearly reflects the main idea.

Verification / Alternative check:
To verify, rephrase the passage in one sentence: In a technological, industrial society, human labour gains dignity and value because social status depends more on individual productivity than on caste or religion. Among the options, the statement that human labour has dignity and value in such an age matches this summary most precisely. The other options either inflate technology into the sole cause of social status or introduce discussions about birth equality and man made categories, which are not part of the passage focus.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Option a exaggerates the role of technology by saying that technology decides social status, whereas the passage emphasises productivity and labour.
• Option b claims that castes and religions are man made, which may be true in general but is not a focus of the passage.
• Option d states that all individuals are born equal, which is a philosophical claim not mentioned in the passage.
• Option e is wrong because there is a clear, directly supported central statement, namely option c.

Common Pitfalls:
Students sometimes choose attractive, moral sounding statements like all individuals are born equal even when the passage does not explicitly support them. Another pitfall is to confuse examples for the main idea; the references to caste and religion are only used to illustrate that, in industrial settings, productivity based valuation reduces earlier divisions. The heart of the passage is about the dignity and value of labour in a technological society.

Final Answer:
Human labour has dignity and value in a technological and industrial age.