ArrayList capacity growth — if Capacity is 4, what is the capacity after adding the 5th element?

Introduction / Context:
ArrayList grows its internal storage automatically. Understanding capacity growth helps explain amortized insertion costs.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Initial Capacity property is 4.
• A 5th element is added, exceeding current capacity.

Concept / Approach:
ArrayList uses a dynamic array. When capacity is exceeded, it increases capacity (commonly doubling) to accommodate additional items, reducing the frequency of reallocations.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Write a short program that sets Capacity to 4, adds 5 items, and prints Capacity and Count.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
4 is impossible (insufficient for 5 items); 16 and 32 are too large for a single resize; element type does not affect capacity growth.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing Capacity (allocated slots) with Count (actual elements).

Final Answer:
8